普物实验教学应科学引导学生进行知能整合

以“电池电动势和内阻的测定”为例,简述了在普物实验教学中,科学引导学生进行知能整合的过程,使科学知识与相关知识的应用实现了最佳的整合,提高了学生设计实验、实验测量、科学评定实验过程及测量结果的能力。     

加强物理实验改革培养学生创新能力

本文阐述了物理实验在培养创新能力方面的重要作用,针对物理实验存在的问题提出了改革措施,从而达到培养学生创新能力的目的。     

Study of Oxidation-Reduction Properties and NO-Donor Ability of Dienediamines in the Indole, Pyrrole, and Thiophene Series

We have conducted an electrochemical study of the oxidation-reduction properties of synthesized dienediamines: derivatives of indole, pyrrole, and thiophene. We have established that reduction of the indicated compounds occurs with successive transfer of two electrons, the first transfer being reversible. We consider the effect of structural factors and the nature of the heterocycle on the ease of reduction of the given compounds. We present the results of an initial study of the NO-donor ability of the compounds upon oxidation.     

以PBL法进行药学实验基本技能教学的探索与实践*

根据西部少数民族地区院校的客观条件和教学特点,提出用以问题为导向的教学法(PBL)进行药学基本技能实验教学。实践证明,实验组(PBL法)的实践基本技能操作水平和发现、分析并解决问题的能力均显著高于对照组(传统教学法)。该法对提高西部少数民族地区药学本科生的创新能力具有较大意义,对其他地区药学本科生创新能力的培养也有一定的借鉴作用。     

企业集团资本增值域的选择与优化

企业集团是资本的集合体，它在资本本质的推动下，不断寻求资本增值的最大化。但是我国企业集团由于受经济体制转换期的影响，以及自身经验的不足，未能正确定位集团的发展领域，从而未能实现资本的增值。文章根据我国企业集团当前存在的问题，结合项目实践中的体会，讨论了如何正确认识资本增值域，以及如何正确选择与优化资本增值域     

Ability of the radial basis function approach to extrapolate nuclear mass

The ability of the radial basis function(RBF) approach to extrapolate the masses of nuclei in neutron-rich and superheavy regions is investigated in combination with the Duflo-Zuker(DZ31), Hartree–Fock-Bogoliubov(HFB27), finite-range droplet model(FRDM12) and Weizs?cker-Skyrme(WS4) mass models. It is found that when the RBF approach is employed with a simple linear basis function, different mass models have different performances in extrapolating nuclear masses in the same region, and a single mass model may have different performances when it is used to extrapolate nuclear masses in different regions. The WS4 and FRDM12 models(two macroscopic–microscopic mass models), combined with the RBF approach, may perform better when extrapolating the nuclear mass in the neutron-rich and superheavy regions.     

在大学物理教学中培养学生的批判性思维能力--浅析开放性提问的作用

具有独立思考和批判性思维能力对于提高创新能力具有重要作用,但目前大学普通物理教学还侧重于知识的传授,缺少对学生批判性思维能力的培养和重视.本文从开放性提问的角度出发,阐述了如何在大学物理教学中培养学生独立思考的习惯和批判性思维的能力.文章举例分析了在科学历史、课程习题、演示实验和工程案例中挖掘开放性问题,通过以学为中心的课堂问答,激发学生学习热情和兴趣,增强课程的探索性和趣味性,从而达到提高学生批判思维能力的目的.     

Adsorbing behavior of polycarboxylate superplasticizer in the presence of the ester group in side chain

The effect of the ester group in side chain on adsorbing behavior and dispersion of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PC) was studied by comparing the performance of two types of PC. The fluidity of cement paste was tested to discuss the dispersing ability and dispersing retention ability of PC. The total organic carbon analyzer was used to measure the adsorption amount, and the adsorption layer was obtained by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and pH value were used to verify the stability of the ester group, and the electrokinetic properties of cement particle were confirmed using the zeta potential measurement. The results show that the ester group in side chain reduces the initial dispersing ability while it increases the dispersing retention ability. The dispersing retention ability depends on the increase of adsorption amount and adsorption layer in 5–60 minutes, and the greater increase leads to the better dispersing retention ability. The ester group can be decomposed to release carboxyl group to enhance the adsorbing ability of PC under the condition of cement hydration, which is the main reason for the greater increase of adsorption amount and adsorption layer and the improvement in dispersing retention ability. It suggests that grafting the ester group is a good way to enhance the dispersing retention ability.     

Pt/CexZr1-xO2 催化剂在含硫合成气中催化水煤气变换反应活性

 采用浸渍法制备了 Pt/Ce_xZr_1-xO₂ 催化剂, 通过 X 射线衍射和程序升温还原等方法对催化剂进行了表征, 并在固定床反应器中评价了催化剂在合成气和含硫合成气中的水煤气变换活性. 结果表明, 铈锆固溶体的氧化还原能力强于 CeO₂, Zr 的掺杂明显改善了 CeO₂ 的孔道结构, 其担载的 Pt 催化剂具有更高的金属分散度, 因而活性更高. 两种催化剂在含硫合成气中的催化活性较无硫合成气中的均有所降低, 且 H₂S 浓度越大, 催化剂活性下降越多, 但这种因吸附硫而引起的失活是可逆的, 即催化剂重新暴露在无 H₂S 重整气的还原性气氛下活性能基本恢复.